Background & Purpose: HUMAN resource management as a scientific and practical field is growing and developing amazingly, but due to various factors, it faces challenges that can turn it into pure opportunities and a competitive advantage in the case of correct and timely measures achieved. Such a function of HUMAN RESOURCES at the national and macro levels can become a platform for the economic progress and development of the country, thus, the purpose of the current research is to identify the factors affecting the management of national HUMAN RESOURCES with an emphasis on the challenges of HUMAN RESOURCES in three structural, contextual, and behavioral dimensions.
Methodology: The research method is based on library studies and using meta-synthesis method. The sampling method is purposeful and available sampling, and domestic and foreign scientific databases are also referred to in the collection databases. Among the internal databases, Magiran, Irandoc, ensani.ir, Noormags, and SID can be mentioned. From the foreign databases, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Emerald sites were also examined. In the first step, based on the collection of previous studies, effective factors were extracted in the form of themes, then based on the meta-synthesis process in the framework of the three-pronged model, these factors were categorized in the three dimensions of structure, context and behavior.
Findings: According to the findings, the most important factors in the structural dimension include "architectural and structural maturity of HUMAN RESOURCES management", "amendment of processes and structures and laws of HUMAN RESOURCES policy at the national level", "reconstruction of social, economic and political structures related to HUMAN RESOURCES management in national level", "modification of education and empowerment structures at the national level"; and the most important factors in the context dimension include "state of development of the country", "maturity of innovation in HUMAN RESOURCES management systems", "globalization and internationalization of HUMAN RESOURCES", "cultural and contextual differences in countries", "participatory governance in HUMAN RESOURCES management", "technology and its role in HUMAN resource management" and the most important factors in the behavioral dimension include "attention to cultural and social components in the management of national HUMAN RESOURCES", "reconstruction of social attitudes, perceptions and behaviors in the management of national HUMAN RESOURCES", "attention to multinational components and ethnic differences", "the importance of leadership and networking in the management of national HUMAN RESOURCES" have been identified in the policy making process of national HUMAN RESOURCES.
Conclusion: The special achievement of the research, based on the review and analysis of previous studies, pointed out that in the design of the national HUMAN RESOURCES management system, it is necessary to pay special attention to structural components, contextual components, and behavioral components at the same time, and therefore, in accordance with the identification of these causes, solutions for the system management was provided. Moreover, the knowledge-building and practical contribution of the current research can be seen in considering the challenges of HUMAN RESOURCES at macro and national levels and from an institutional perspective.